Dry Needling in Physical Therapy Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Trigger point model. This model basically deals with MTrPS. Dommerholt et al. (2006) found that when there is an excessive release of acetylcholine, it creates a â€Å"discharge at MTrP sites, consisting of low amplitude discharges† in painful trigger points. Active MTrPs trigger the pain and move them apart while the latent ones cannot do so. MTrPs also include local twitch response (LTR) which causes the muscle fibres to contract and form a taut band. LTRs let the physician know that he has injected the needle into the correct MTrP. Spinal segmental sensitization model. â€Å"The Spinal Segmental Sensitization Model is developed by Dr. Andrew Fischer and combines aspects of Travell and Simons’ trigger point model and Gunn’s radiculopathy model† (as cited in Dommerholt, 2008). According to them, the musculoskeletal pain can be relieved by certain methods such as needling of trigger points, somatic and preinjection blocks, spray and stretch, and exercises for the relaxation of the targeted muscles. Dommerholt (2008) states that the main difference between the two approaches put forth by Gunn and Fischer is that Fischer uses injection needles whereas Gunn uses acupuncture needles. Effects of Dry Needling Dommerholt (2008) has discussed in his research the mechanical, neurophysiological and chemical effects of dry needling. We will write a custom essay sample on Dry Needling in Physical Therapy or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Mechanical effects. Talking about mechanical effects, he states that when an MTrP is triggered in dry needling, it â€Å"may mechanically disrupt the integrity of the dysfunctional motor end plates†. Moreover, If an MTrP is mechanically stretched by the needle, then by rotating it, the connective tissue gets wrapped around it, which is also referred as ‘needle grasp’. Doing so straightens out the collagen bundle, brings them closer and an LTR occurs. The therapist can cause the needle grasp to occur by moving the needle up and down when he is inserting it in an MTrP. It causes change in total length of the fiber and blocks the nociceptive substances which relieves pain eventually. Neurophysiological effects. According to Baldry (as cited in Dommerholt, 2008), superficial dry needling causes prolonged stimulation of A-delta nerve fibers which suppresses the pain. Stimulation of A-delta also activates the â€Å"serotonergic and noradrenergic descending inhibitor y systems†. Chemical effects (local twitch response). Shah, Phillips, Danoff, and Gerber (2005) have found by experimentation the importance of elicitation of LTRs with DN. They experimented with eliciting LTRs at the sites where active and latent MTrPs were located.

Saddam Hussein - 7914 Words

Saddam Hussein From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Redirected from Saddam) Saddam Hussein Enlarge Saddam Hussein Sadd#257;m Hussein #699;Abd al-Majid al-Tikr#299;t#299; (Often spelled Husayn or Hussain; Arabic #1589;#1583;#1575;#1605; #1581;#1587;#1610;#1606; #1593;#1576;#1583;#1575;#1604;#1605;#1580;#1610;#1583; #1575;#1604;#1578;#1603;#1585;#1610;#1578;#1610;; born April 28, 1937 1) was President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. A rising star in the revolutionary Baath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and socialism, Saddam (see 2 regarding names) played a key role in the bloodless 1968 coup that brought the party to power. As vice president under the frail and elderly†¦show more content†¦The stranglehold of the old elites (the conservative monarchists, established families, and merchants) was breaking down in Iraq. Moreover, the populist pan-Arab nationalism of Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt would profoundly influence the young Baathist, even up to the present day. The rise of Nasser foreshadowed the wave of revolutions throughout the Middle East in the fifties and sixties, which would see the collapse of the monarchies of Iraq, Egypt, and Libya. Nasser challenged the British and French, nationalized the Suez Canal, and strove to modernize Egypt and unite the Arab world politically. [edit] Rise in the Baath party A year after Saddam had joined the Baath party, army officers led by General Abdul Karim Qassim overthrew Faisal II of Iraq. The Baathists opposed the new government, and in 1959, Saddam was involved in the attempted assassination of Prime Minister Qassim. Saddam was shot in the leg, but managed to flee to Syria, from where he later moved to Egypt. He was sentenced to death, in absentia. In exile he attended the University of Cairo law school. Army officers, including some aligned with the Baath party, came to power in Iraq in a military coup in 1963. However, the new government was ousted quickly, within seven to eight months torn by rife factionalism. Saddam returned to Iraq, but was imprisoned in 1964 when an anti-Baath group led by Abdul Rahman Arif took power. He escaped from jail in 1967 and became one of the leading members of theShow MoreRelatedThe Corruption Of Saddam Hussein1488 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough certain people, creating a havoc for those having to follow orders set by leaders they blindly follow. In Iraq, citizens have been tortured, forced to relocate their families, arrested and murdered. All of this happened under the control of Saddam Hussein and we have neither found, nor did he offer an explanation to these actions. He has been notorious for attacking people who disagreed with his opinions, especially other politicians that would give any sort of competition to access leadershipRead MoreEssay a bout The Fall of Saddam Hussein929 Words   |  4 PagesSaddam Hussein was a suppressive leader who struck fear into the world’s people. His destructive ways radiated as he attempted to eliminate the Kurdish population, nationalize Iraqi oil, and keep his regime in power. Yet, his strict rule helped start and maintain peace between the people of his country despite the many different religions living in the area. He protected his country against a theocratic form of government and for a period of time, Hussein was an ally of the United States. He ledRead MoreThe Gulf War and Saddam Hussein Essay1241 Words   |  5 Pages The man behind this attack was Iraqi dictator, Saddam Hussein. He considered the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait in an economic battle against Iraq. Oil production, oil prices, the Iraqi debt owed to Kuwait, and the aims of Iraq to increase its control in Kuwait served as a trigger for this attack. Prior to the war negotiation did take place between Iraq and Kuwait although they could not reach an agreeable conclusion. Afterwards, Saddam Hussein and American ambassador Catherine Glaspie met andRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Ewalds Letter To Saddam Hussein703 Words   |  3 Pagesis the son of a woman named Mary Ewald, who was kidnapped from the SAS Hotel in Kuwait City. Any mother (well any good one at least) would feel distraught at the loss of a child and Mary Ewald is no exception. She decides to write a letter to Saddam Hussein (care of Ambassador al-Machat), who was president of Iraq at the time, in order to persuade him to relinquish her child to her. This letter, while not length y, derives its strength from Ewald’s rhetoric and her all-encompassing love for her childRead MoreSaddam Hussein s Full Takeover Of Iraq1250 Words   |  5 PagesThis would set the stage for Saddam Hussein’s full takeover of Iraq, making way for further deterioration of Iraq-Iran relations. Iraq would arrest several Iranian representatives and place Ayatollah Mohammed Bakr al-Sadr on trial for treason as a response to Ayatollah Khomeini and Prime Minister Barzagan’s continued support of the Shi’a opposition to Saddam Hussein’s Ba’athist regime. Furthered broadcasting of rebellion to the Shi’a Muslims in Iraq and the assignation of the Iraqi Prime MinisterRead MoreCNN or CIA In August of 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of1500 Words   |  6 PagesCNN or CIA In August of 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of Kuwait. Within less than a year, the United States and thirty-three other nations decided to respond with war. A series of individuals and organizations across the globe suggested that the United States and other nations had ulterior motives that prompted the intervention. However, these reasons failed to surface in the media’s debates. The United States media used censorship and deceit to steerRead MoreCritically Evaluate How the Situational Model of Leadership Can Be Used to Explain the Behaviour of Saddam Hussein2056 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Saddam Hussein was the President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003 and during his time in office was responsible for a tumultuous period in Iraqi history. For the purposes of analysis of his leadership style with respect to a Situational model, three areas of his career will be looked at separately; his rise to presidency from Vice-President, during the Iran-Iraq War and post invasion of Kuwait. Situational model of leadership A widely recognised situational model is the model developedRead MoreIn 2003, George W. Bush invaded Iraq, believing that the country’s president Saddam Hussein was800 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2003, George W. Bush invaded Iraq, believing that the country’s president Saddam Hussein was using weapons of mass destruction against the people of Iraq. This war started a larger war, named â€Å"Operation Iraqi Freedom†. The consequence of this inessential war were the lives of over 4000 Americans, over 1 trillion dollars in spending, and superfluous tension in the Middle East. Though there are many theories on why Bush invaded Iraq, the one that makes the most sense is overconfidence. Simply putRead MoreGrendel And Saddam Hussein1136 Words   |  5 PagesAt the end of Saddam Hussein rein over Iraq he had killed thousands of innocent civilians of his own country. Hussein was the leader of Iraq for 24 years he had killed over 5,000 innocent people. Hussein believed that God put him on this earth to become the president of Iraq and to help educate the children of his country. Saddam Hussein and Grendel from the book of Beowulf are similar because they both had the ability to kill a large number of people at one time, they also believed that their killingsRead MoreU.s. Iraq During The Reign Of Saddam Hussein4113 Words   |  17 Pagesof Saddam Hussein†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Page 3-7 Summary of first half†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 7 Iraq after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 7-13 Summary of Second half†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 13 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Page 14-15 Analysis of Current Events: ISIS in Iraq†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......Page 16 Works Cited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 17 Abstract In order to fully interpret the nation of Iraq’s holistic condition during and after the Saddam Era

Commonly Performed Functions And Processes â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Commonly Performed Functions And Processes? Answer: Introduction This report is written for the purpose of conducting a research on the Accounting Information System (AIS) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. The business report has been prepared for a banking institution, understanding their business processes, requirements of the processes of business and the system and the impact of implementation of such a system on the efficiency of the business processes (Matengu Swami, 2011). Once the analysis of the business and its processes is completed, this study aims to recommend an AIS/ERP system for them, exploring the possible security risks associated with their application and the ways to mitigate the same (Ali, et al., 2016). Business process The business process of any organization can be understood with the help of the functions that they perform. The functions of a standard banking institution are explained in the chart below. All banking functions can be segregated into primary and secondary functions. These are also defined as banking and non-banking functions that these institutions perform. The primary banking functions are further classified into two categories, these include accepting deposits in the form of savings deposits, fixed deposits, current deposits and recurring deposits; and the second category of banking functions is granting of advances. The advances granted by the banks included overdrafts, cash credits, loans, bills etc. The non- banking functions of a banking and financial institution are also classified into the following two categories : agency functions and utility functions. The agency functions are the functions in which the banks act as an agent for their customers and provide these services . The services provided by banks as an agent are transfer of fund, collection of cheques, periodic payments, portfolio management, periodic collections etc. Apart from the agency functions, banks also act as trustees, executors, advisers and administrators for their customers working on behalf of their clients in the form of the above institutions (MIT Press, 2012). They are the link that the customers have and provide them services that deal with other banks and financial institutions. The general utility functions that the banks perform are issuing of drafts, letter of credits, etc., locker facility, underwriting of the shares, dealing with foreign exchange and currency exchange, project report, social welfare programmes etc. All the above functions performed by a bank or a financial institution are explained in the chart above. These are the basic functions that banks carry out and there are a number of additional processes that are carried out in addition to these. However, the most commonly performed functions and processes are covered in this section (Grande, et al., 2011). Business requirements The banks provide services to the customers that enable them to withdraw and deposit cash, make inquiries and make payments conveniently. The banking system needs to be updated all the time to give the customers and the stakeholders the current and updated information. The information provided must also be accurate and available on a real time basis. The advent of information technology in the banking system has made it more mobile, customer friendly and improved the quality of the service being provided to them. This has been made possible by the introduction of Accounting Information System, also known as electronic banking. The introduction of technology has also made it possible for the banks to dissipate timely and accurate information related to the treasury management and information systems. The revolution of technology has increased the competitiveness of these banking and financial institutions and revolutionized the way they develop their products and services. The globali zation of all the markets has also increased the need and pressure on the banks to introduce advanced technology systems to speed up the decision making process and to comply with the changing financial supervision requirements. https://booksreadingathome.com/downloads/accounting-information-systems-12th-edition-test-bank.pdf https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjGlr-d1KHWAhVCN48KHQ32Ah4QFgg9MAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciepub.com%2Fportal%2Fdownloads%3Fdoi%3D10.12691%2Fjcsa-3-2-2%26filename%3Djcsa-3-2-2.pdfusg=AFQjCNHAnFy48N1TBpLgxcz3IS0u0e6glA Systems requirements It has been observed that the banks are increasingly adopted the ERP systems to digitize their working and procedures. The banks and financial institutions use these systems with typical requisitions specific to their line of work. They need a software that helps in simplifying their operations and overcoming the challenges faced by them. The system needs to be integrated with big data technologies to handle the banking data that is complex and voluminous (Mwenje, 2013). The technologies need to be advanced to ensure the safety and security of the data and the information stored. In addition to this, the data must be encrypted and stored to prevent any leaks, mishandling and misuse of the confidential information related to the banking and financial institutions and their customers. The massive network of branches that the banks possess needs to be remain well connected all the time. The software must be able to integrate the data, have the ability to perform complex resource plannin g and have the ability to synchronize the various functions of management that the banking institution constitutes of like finance, marketing, human resources, operations etc. The software must ensure the secrecy of the information while following all the prescribed rules and regulations laid down for such institutions (Venkatraman Fahd, 2016). The ERP solution recommended for a bank would thus be a one stop solution for all of the above needs, making their processes faster, more accurate and efficient. Software and vendor selection There are a number of available alternatives for the software to be selected for managing the ERP and AIS of a banking institution. Some most common options available for the same are SAP, Oracle EBS, Corniche, EBANQ, Moneyman and Cashbook. While each of the above mentioned software has the ability to handle all the banking related operations and provide support to all the operations of the organization, the German ERP designing firm SAP provides the best services. They have a customer centric software that makes use of the 360 degree customer viewpoint. Their software helps with the streamlining of the banking operations and helps with the automation of processes. They also help in the integration of the financial and operational functions of management and help in the compliance with the norms. This software is also preferred as it reduces operational costs of the organization and reduces the complexity of the tasks to be performed. It also helps the banks in innovating and providi ng the customers with best in class services that ultimately help in increasing the profitability of the bank as well. Ways to utilize technology for business efficiency The banking institutions utilize the technology and the advanced ERP systems for the benefit of both their organizations operations and to provide better services to the customers. Some ways in which they are able to do that are: Digital banking: The digital availability of banking services has made it easier for the customers to avail these services as per their convenience. The customers can now access their bank accounts at any time from any place and perform basic tasks like transfer money, check balance etc. This has also reduced the burden on the banks and has reduced their expenses on human capital (Fub, et al., 2007). Customer engagement: The customer engagement level of the banks has increased manifold with the introduction of technology and adoption of the advanced systems by the banks and other financial institutions. This has increased the customer satisfaction level and the productivity of the organization. Smarter selling: The banks are able to offer custom products and services as per the requirements of the customers. This has only been made possible by the introduction of the technology and enhanced customer centricity due to this. Wider audience: The number of people availing the services of the banks has increasingly become borderless with the ease of access. The banks have the ability to serve their customers any time and at any location. This has increased the avenues for the banking institutions and made them more decentralized than they were ever before. Efficiency from technology implementation The banking systems have without a doubt able to achieve operational efficiency by the implementation of technology. The adoption of technologically advanced systems has helped the banks in diversifying their offerings and they are able to broaden their customer base. The time taken by them for storing, processing and accessing the information has also reduced to a fraction of what it used to be when the operations were carried out manually. The banks have become increasingly dependent on these systems and the technology for information management. The information sharing time has also come down considerably and the banking systems are now more competent and agile than ever before. The technologically advanced systems help in better and more efficient strategic management and help in shaping and positioning of the banks in the market. They are an important tool that help in ensuring a competitive advantage for the banks (Tally Solutions Pvt. Ltd., 2013). Potential security risks With the introduction of technology in the banking systems, their working has become more efficient and effective. However, the increased connectivity and ease of access to the data has also caused an alarming increase in the threat and risks. The banks and other financial institutions take all measures to adhere to the security compliance and monitor the data for any leaks or security breach, however the increased connectivity causes a number of threats to the security of the data. The technological advancements also result in lack of accountability from the employees. The employees carelessness can lead to a risk of data theft and threat to information security of the organization. This also leaves the banking institutions vulnerable. Thus, they need to ensure that proper security measures are taken in order to keep the system up and running and safe for usage to win the trust of the customers. There are additional risks of introduction of malware, virus or the latest threat in the form of ransom ware. Another huge risk that the banks face due to digitization is that there is no manual record available of the transactions, account information and other bank related data. A loss of server, any glitch in the system or a potential attack that causes data loss can be threatening to the banking operations. Thus, the technology has although made the operations more convenient and efficient, the threats and potential risks associated with their adoption are also not less. Sincefinancial data is one of the most appealing targets for hackers, institutions dealing primarily in finance need to remain extra vigilant about cyber security.The banks must take additional measures to maintain the safety and security of the data and the processes to prevent any such damage from happening (Ramco, 2012). Mitigation strategies To help the banks and other financial institutions to prepare for and mitigate the potential risks associated with the introduction of technology in their operations via ERP and AIS systems, there are a few steps that can be taken. The first and the most important step to be taken for preventing data security breach is data encryption. Sensitive data and information should always be encrypted to prevent misuse of it by the hackers. The account names, numbers, addresses, and other account related customer information must be encrypted by the banks. A holistic approach must be adopted for information security. The activities of the system and the people must be monitored and a record must be maintained of the same. Any suspicious activity must be immediately reported and addressed before it aggravates and creates a problem. The banking institutions can also develop their own policy for cyber security (Hsuing Mishra, 2012). This must be communicated to the employees and should be clear and unambiguous. The systems must be tested regularly and updated to keep up with the latest technological trends. The data must be backed up on a regular basis and the potential security risks must be regularly assessed and taken care of. The backdoors must be detected early on and the systems must set up firewalls to restrict the data traffic from unreliable sources. The employees must be educated and made aware of the risks and how to handle situations involving risks or potential threats. These are some of the ways in which the banks and financial institutions can develop plans for identifying, preventing and recovering from the attacks on the safety and security of information online. Conclusion The business report has been prepared for a banking institution, understanding their business processes, requirements of the processes of business and the system and the impact of implementation of such a system on the efficiency of the business processes. Through this analysis, we have recommended an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system to streamline their business processes and make their system more efficient. The advent of information technology in the banking system has made it more mobile, customer friendly and improved the quality of the service being provided to them. This has been made possible by the introduction of Accounting Information System, also known as electronic banking. The introduction of technology has also made it possible for the banks to dissipate timely and accurate information related to the treasury management and information systems. It has been observed that the banks are increasingly adopting the ERP systems to digitize their working and procedures . The banks and financial institutions use these systems with typical requisitions specific to their line of work. The German ERP designing firm SAP provides the best system solution to handle all the banking related operations and provide support to all the operations of the organization. The increased connectivity and ease of access to the data has also caused an alarming increase in the threat and risks. The banks and other financial institutions take all measures to adhere to the security compliance and monitor the data for any leaks or security breach, however the increased connectivity causes a number of threats to the security of the data. This report ends with suggesting ways to mitigate the risks associated with the introduction of technology in the banking systems. References Akrani, G., 2011. Functions of Banks - Important Banking Functions and Services, Available at: https://kalyan-city.blogspot.in/2011/04/functions-of-banks-important-banking.html Ali, B., Omar, W. Bakar, R., 2016. Accounting Information System (Ais) And Organizational Performance: Moderating Effect Of Organizational Culture. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 4(4), pp. 1-21. Fub, C., Strahringer, S. Schiereck, D., 2007. ERP Usage in Banking: An Exploratory Survey of the World's Largest Banks. Information Systems Management, 24(2), pp. 155-171. Grande, E., Estbanez, R. Colomina, C., 2011. The impact of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) on performance measures: empirical evidence in Spanish SMEs. The International Journal of Digital Accounting Research, Volume 11, pp. 25 - 43. Hsuing, R. Mishra, M., 2012. The Road to a Smooth ERP Integration: For Corporate Clients, Available at: https://www.citibank.ro/transactionservices/home/about_us/articles/docs/erp_integration_0811.pdf Matengu, K. Swami, B., 2011. Impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in Accounting Systems: A Case Study. International Journal of Management Business Studies, 1(3), pp. 21-27. MIT Press, 2012. Information Systems: Introduction and Concepts, Available at: https://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/titles/content/9780262015387_sch_0001.pdf Mwenje, A., 2013. Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Implementation Strategies In Commercial Banks In Kenya, Available at: https://chss.uonbi.ac.ke/sites/default/files/chss/ENTERPRISE%20RESOURCE%20PLANNING%20SYSTEMS%20IMPLEMENTATION%20IN%20COMMERCIAL%20BANKS%20IN%20KENYA.pdf Ramco, 2012. Banking on business intelligence, Available at: https://www.ramco.com/downloads/WPR-Banking-On-BI.pdf Tally Solutions Pvt. Ltd., 2013. Tally Banking, Available at: https://mirror.tallysolutions.com/Downloads/TallyTips/TallyBankingKnowMoreVer4%20001.pdf Venkatraman, S. Fahd, K., 2016. Challenges and Success Factors of ERP Systems in Australian SMEs. pp. 1-18.

Public School Systems Across The Country Are Now Requiring Students To

Public school systems across the country are now requiring students to wear uniforms. Can uniforms really make a difference in a child's academic performance? Wouldn't uniforms infringe the child's creativity and self expression? The clothes don't make the child right (Hempill A15)? Wrong. School uniforms can drastically reduce school violence and help a student to focus on school work. In 1996, President Clinton endorsed public school uniforms in his State of the Union Address(Atkins 42). This created a rage among some education critics across the country. Critics complain that uniforms will lessen children's individualism and creativity, infringing students' rights and hint of racism. While proponents believe, uniforms will put the students emphasis on schoolwork instead of dressing coolly, and they will help to lower school violence. The idea comes from a Californian elementary school in Long Beach. In 1994, Long Beach became the country's first public school district to institute a mandatory uniform policy"(Atkins 42). The results were so promising that they lead to the President's endorsement. The school saw a fifty-one percent drop in physical fights, a thirty-four percent drop in assaults and batteries, a fifty percent drop in weapons offenses, and a thirty-two percent drop in school suspensions(Mancini 65). All this in a time span of only one year. Proving that a child's clothes does make a difference in school violence. In a time when school children are getting killed for designer jackets and shoes, uniforms are exactly what our children need(Mancini 63). Critics say that school uniform inhibit self expression. If you take away a child's self expression through clothing, you force that child to express his or herself in other ways. This might even force a child to resort to even more violent forms of expression, like through writing and art. In today's society, students are fighting each other in schools, because of other students that wear rival gangs colors and clothing. I went to school in a town with a population of about only ten-thousand residents. In our relatively small school, classes were disrupted several times, because one student was wearing another student's rival gang's colors causing outbursts and fights. This problem is one that occurrences daily in big city schools, but a problem uniforms can help remedy. Uniforms eliminate gang clothing like baggy pants, belts with initials on the buckles, halter tops, or certain gang colored clothing items. The uniforms can also help to identify outsiders within a school. Drug dealers would have wear uniforms in order to be able to roam the school yard without being spotted. The uniforms can also help parents save money. A parent can pay anywhere from sixty to a hundred dollars for a pair of pants, forty to sixty dollars on a single shirt, and eighty to one hundred-fifty dollars for a pair of shoes. A student would need to have at least five to six different outfits to wear to school. Where as a child wearing a uniform only would need two sets of clothes for class. The uniforms may vary, but most uniforms consist of basic colored slacks and a basic colored collared shirt. They can be purchased for as little as forty dollars at discount stores and the most expensive being around a hundred dollar. Besides saving parents hundreds of dollars, school uniforms also help to erase lines between the social classes. Since all students will be dressed alike, it will be impossible to tell the difference from a students from low income family and one from a high income family. I went to a public school for nine years, before transferring to a private school. At the public school my enthusiasm was minimal at best. My parent are not rich, and I had to wear clothes that were not consider cool. This automatically put me out of the cool group. I felt unhappy and left out. I did not go to school functions, because I felt I was not cool enough and would not fit in. Going to a private school and having to wear uniforms remedied that. I longer was not cool, just because I did not wear the right clothes. Students did not judge me by my apparel, instead I was judged by my personality. My grades improved and I graduated as student body president. When I talk to old friends from the public school, they are amazed at how much I have changed . I don't credit all of this to uniforms, but they sure allowed a side of me to be seen that most